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Ports, transports and data models for industrial networks
57 entries
AS-Interface
AS-Interface
AS-Interface is a standardized bus system for the lower field level of industrial automation. The document describes AS-Interface Safety at Work for integrating protective components into control systems. It also references EN 13849 and other safety standards for safety technology.
CAN CC
CAN CC
CAN CC (Classical CAN) is a serial broadcast network standard for embedded control systems, standardized at the data link layer in ISO 11898-1. Nodes transmit frames with an 11-bit or 29-bit identifier; lower identifier values have higher priority and simultaneous access is resolved by bit-wise arbitration. It includes error detection, error frames and fault confinement to maintain data consistency.
CAN FD
CAN FD
CAN FD is a CAN data link layer protocol that increases bit rate and payload size. It can transmit data faster than 1 Mbit/s and carries a data field of up to 64 bytes instead of 8 bytes. It uses the FDF bit to distinguish FD frames and the BRS bit to switch to the higher bit rate during the data phase.
CAN XL
CAN XL
CAN XL is the third generation of the CAN data link layer and supports CAN CC, CAN FD and CAN XL protocol types. It carries data fields from 1 byte to 2048 bytes and separates the CAN-ID into an 11-bit priority ID and a 32-bit acceptance field. CAN XL is intended for backbone and sub-backbone networks and for integration into TCP/IP systems.
CANopen CC
CANopen CC
CANopen CC is a CAN-based communication system that defines higher-layer protocols and device/application profiles for embedded networks. It provides standardized communication objects for process data, configuration, and network management, and uses an object dictionary to store communication and application parameters. CANopen CC was originally designed for motion-oriented machine control and is also used in medical equipment, off-road vehicles, maritime electronics, railway applications, and building automation.
CIP Safety
CIP Safety
CIP Safety is a functional safety communication protocol that extends the Common Industrial Protocol (CIP). It lets safety controllers, safety I/O blocks, interlock switches, light curtains, drives, and other safety devices communicate with standard devices on the same industrial network. It is certified by TÜV Rheinland as a black channel protocol and supports applications up to SIL 3 according to IEC 61508.
CIP Sync
CIP Sync
CIP Sync is a time-synchronization mechanism for industrial automation control applications. It is compliant with IEEE-1588 and states synchronization accuracy between two devices of fewer than 100 nanoseconds. It uses a Time Sync object and associated services to synchronize devices, including motion axes, over conventional switched Ethernet.
ControlNet
ControlNet
ControlNet is a CIP network used for deterministic transport of time-critical I/O and peer-to-peer interlocks. It supports trunkline-dropline, star and tree topologies and can use redundant communication or intrinsically safe hardware options. ControlNet uses the Common Industrial Protocol for its upper layers and follows the OSI seven-layer model.
DNP3
DNP3
DNP3 is an open, standards-based communications protocol for interoperability between substation computers, RTUs, IEDs and master stations in electric utility systems. It was developed by Harris, Distributed Automation Products, and responsibility for its specifications was transferred to the DNP Users Group in November 1993. It is also used in water/wastewater, transportation and oil and gas, and was adopted as IEEE Std. 1815.
Eclipse Zenoh
Zenoh
Zenoh is a publish/subscribe and query protocol that unifies data in motion, data at rest, and computations. It provides primitives for pub/sub, geo-distributed storages, queries and queryables, plus routing across decentralized networks. It can run on OSI Layer 2 and on constrained transports, with a 5-byte wire overhead.
EtherCAT
EtherCAT
EtherCAT is a real-time industrial Ethernet fieldbus. One MainDevice sends a frame that passes through every SubDevice in the segment, and each SubDevice reads its data and inserts its own while the frame moves on. Frames run directly on Ethernet layer 2, identified by EtherType 0x88A4.
EtherNet/IP
EtherNet/IP
EtherNet/IP is an industrial network protocol that runs the Common Industrial Protocol (CIP) over standard, unmodified Ethernet and TCP/IP. TCP carries messaging such as configuration and diagnostics, and UDP carries real-time cyclic I/O data. It is managed by ODVA.
Ethernet-APL
Ethernet-APL
Ethernet-APL is a two-wire Ethernet physical layer for process automation and hazardous locations, based on 10BASE-T1L. It provides 10 Mbit/s full-duplex communication and power over cable runs up to 1000 m using trunk-and-spur topology with point-to-point segments. It is intended to carry higher-level Ethernet protocols such as PROFINET and OPC UA.
IEC 60870-5-101
IEC 60870-5-101
IEC 60870-5-101 is an international standard defining a telecontrol companion standard for basic telecontrol tasks. It applies to telecontrol equipment and systems that use coded bit serial data transmission to monitor and control geographically widespread processes. The companion standard is built on the documents of the IEC 60870-5 series and is intended to enable interoperability among compatible telecontrol equipment.
IEC 60870-5-104:2006+AMD1:2016 CSV
IEC 60870-5-104:2006+AMD1:2016 CSV
This consolidated International Standard defines a telecontrol companion standard that enables interoperability among compatible telecontrol equipment. It specifies network access for IEC 60870-5-101 using standard transport profiles, and applies to telecontrol equipment and systems with coded bit serial data transmission for monitoring and controlling geographically widespread processes. The consolidated version incorporates Amendment 1 (2016) into the 2006 publication.
IEEE 1588-2019
IEEE 1588-2019
IEEE 1588-2019 defines the Precision Time Protocol (PTP), a packet-based protocol for synchronizing real-time clocks in networked measurement and control systems. It allows clocks with different precision, resolution, and stability to synchronize to a grandmaster clock, with sub-microsecond accuracy and minimal network and computing resources. The standard specifies timing domains, timing topology, profiles, conformance requirements, optional security, and mappings to UDP/IP and layer-2 Ethernet.
IEEE 802.1 Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN)
IEEE 802.1 TSN
IEEE 802.1 TSN is a task group within the IEEE 802.1 Working Group. It defines deterministic connectivity over IEEE 802 networks, with guaranteed packet transport, bounded latency, low packet delay variation, and low packet loss. Its standards include the former Audio Video Bridging (AVB) standards.
IETF CoAP
CoAP
CoAP is an application-layer web transfer protocol for constrained nodes and low-power, lossy networks. It uses a client/server request/response model over UDP, with optional reliability and support for URIs and media types, and can be secured with DTLS. It is designed for machine-to-machine applications such as smart energy and building automation.
IO-Link
IO-Link
IO-Link is a standardized point-to-point communication technology for sensors and actuators, specified in IEC 61131-9. It uses a three-wire sensor and actuator connection and can be integrated into fieldbuses. It supports bidirectional communication for diagnostics and parameterization at three communication speeds: 4.8 kBaud, 38.4 kBaud, and 230.4 kBaud.
IO-Link Safety
IO-Link Safety
IO-Link Safety is a functional safety communication protocol that uses IO-Link as a black channel for safety-related data. It is standardized as IEC 61139-2 and supports applications up to SIL 3 over point-to-point IO-Link connections. IO-Link Safety Masters integrate the safety communication into higher-level systems, and mix mode allows safety-related and standard data to be transmitted at the same time.
IO-Link Wireless
IO-Link Wireless
IO-Link Wireless is a wireless version of IO-Link for factory control systems. It transmits sensor and actuator signals over virtual point-to-point radio connections between an IO-Link Master and star-connected IO-Link Devices. It uses the 2.4 GHz ISM band with time and frequency division multiplexing and keeps the same cyclic and acyclic application interfaces as wired IO-Link.
ISA-100.11a-2011
ISA-100.11a-2011
ISA-100.11a-2011 is a standard for secure, reliable wireless communication in industrial automation, covering non-critical to critical control applications. It addresses monitoring, supervisory control, and open-loop and closed-loop control systems. The document lists low-data-rate wireless communication, system management and gateway specifications, security and interference robustness, and support for fixed, portable and mobile devices.
KNX
KNX
KNX is an international open standard for home and building automation that lets devices from different manufacturers communicate over one system. It connects lighting, heating, blinds, security and energy management so they operate together instead of as separate closed systems. Devices are planned and configured with the ETS software tool, and core functions run locally without depending on constant internet access.
MODBUS ASCII
MODBUS ASCII
MODBUS ASCII is a serial transmission mode of the MODBUS over Serial Line protocol. It sends each 8-bit message byte as two hexadecimal ASCII characters, delimits a message with a colon start character and a CRLF end pair, and uses an LRC field for frame checking. It operates as a master-slave protocol in which the master initiates requests and slave nodes respond.
MODBUS RTU
MODBUS RTU
MODBUS RTU is the binary serial-line transmission mode of the MODBUS master-slave protocol. A master sends a request frame containing slave address, function code, data, and CRC; only the addressed slave replies. RTU is the default and mandatory mode for MODBUS over serial line, using silent intervals to delimit frames.
MQTT
MQTT
MQTT is a lightweight publish/subscribe messaging protocol. Clients publish messages to named topics on a broker, and the broker forwards each message to every client subscribed to a matching topic. Sparkplug B is a specification layered on top of MQTT for industrial payloads.
MQTT Sparkplug B
MQTT-SparkplugB
Sparkplug is an Eclipse specification that defines how industrial devices use MQTT: a fixed topic namespace, a Google Protocol Buffers payload, and birth and death messages so subscribers always know whether data is current. Version 3.0.0 was released in 2022.
MQTT-SN v1.2
MQTT-SN v1.2
MQTT-SN v1.2 is a publish/subscribe messaging protocol for wireless sensor networks. It is aimed at embedded devices on non-TCP/IP networks, such as Zigbee, and extends MQTT beyond TCP/IP infrastructure for sensor and actuator solutions.
MTConnect
MTConnect
MTConnect is a read-only standard for collecting data from machine tools and other manufacturing equipment. An agent collects data from the machine, often through an adapter, and serves it over HTTP as XML or JSON documents with a shared vocabulary.
Mitsubishi Electric MELSEC Communication Protocol
MELSEC Communication Protocol
MELSEC Communication Protocol (MC protocol) is a Mitsubishi Electric communication protocol used by external devices to access MELSEC programmable controllers through serial communication modules (C24) or Ethernet interface modules (E71). An external device sends request messages and receives response messages to read or write device memory, files, and buffer memory, and to perform remote control and monitoring. The protocol supports multiple frame formats and either ASCII or binary code.
Modbus TCP
Modbus-TCP
Modbus TCP carries the Modbus application protocol over TCP/IP. A client sends a request naming a function code and a register or coil address, and the server replies with the data or an exception code. It has no built-in authentication in its original form.
Modbus.org Modbus/TCP Security
Modbus/TCP Security
Modbus/TCP Security, abbreviated mbaps in the specification, is a variant of Modbus/TCP that carries the Modbus application data unit inside TLS on TCP port 802. It uses x.509v3 certificates for mutual client/server authentication and can use role information in certificate extensions for authorization. The Modbus application data unit and standard Modbus function codes are unchanged.
Module Type Package (MTP)
MTP
MTP (Module Type Package) is a manufacturer-neutral description of process module functions generated from a module's automation engineering. It is imported into a higher-level Process Orchestration Layer (POL) to integrate Process Equipment Assemblies (PEAs) and package units into modular production systems. The description covers facets such as HMI, process control, maintenance and diagnostics, safety and security, and alarm management.
OASIS AMQP 1.0
AMQP 1.0
AMQP 1.0 is an OASIS standard open internet protocol for business messaging. It defines a binary wire-level protocol and a layered specification covering a peer-to-peer transport over TCP, a type system and encoding, a message format, transactions, and security layers. It is symmetric, with no wire-level distinction between clients and brokers.
ODVA CIP
CIP
CIP is a media-independent industrial communication protocol associated with ODVA. It uses a producer-consumer model and an object-oriented upper layer to provide common messages and services for control, safety, energy, synchronization and motion, information, and network management. CIP defines Device Profiles for interoperability and can integrate Modbus, HART, and IO-Link devices through native translation services.
ODVA CIP Motion
CIP Motion
CIP Motion is a motion-control profile for EtherNet/IP that defines drive-control extensions for servo and variable-speed drives. It supports torque, velocity, and position control, drive configuration, status, and diagnostics, and unicast or multicast communication. It uses synchronized end-device clocks and time-stamped messages so cyclic motion data can tolerate jitter on standard Ethernet.
ODVA CIP Security
CIP Security
CIP Security is a cybersecurity extension for CIP and EtherNet/IP devices. It secures EtherNet/IP traffic by using TLS for TCP-based communications and DTLS for UDP-based transport class 0/1 communications, with device authentication via X.509 certificates or pre-shared keys and user authentication via OpenID Connect. It provides integrity, authenticity, and authorization for devices in critical-risk zones.
ODVA DeviceNet
DeviceNet
DeviceNet is a digital multi-drop industrial fieldbus protocol for connecting controllers with sensors, actuators, motor starters, operator interfaces and I/O devices. It uses CAN at the data link layer and the Common Industrial Protocol (CIP) at upper layers, with a trunkline-dropline topology. It supports I/O and explicit messaging, controller-device communication and peer-to-peer communication.
OMG DDS
DDS
DDS is the Object Management Group's Data Distribution Service specification. It defines a Data-Centric Publish-Subscribe (DCPS) model with application interfaces and communication semantics, including behavior and quality of service, for delivering information from producers to matching consumers. This record covers version 1.4, published March 2015.
OPC Data Access (OPC DA)
OPC DA
OPC Data Access (OPC DA) is one of the OPC Classic specifications, which are based on Microsoft Windows COM/DCOM technology for exchanging data between software components. OPC DA defines the exchange of process data including values, time information and quality information. It is defined separately from OPC Alarms & Events (OPC A&E), which covers alarm and event messages and variable states, and OPC Historical Data Access (OPC HDA), which covers query methods and analytics on historical, time-stamped data.
OPC Foundation OPC UA FX
OPC UA FX
OPC UA FX (Field eXchange) is an extension of OPC UA for field-level industrial automation. Its scope includes real-time communication, functional safety, instrumentation, motion control, and remote I/O. The work is organized through OPC Foundation Field Level Communications working groups, including networking topics for Ethernet and TSN.
OPC Foundation OPC UA for Robotics
OPC UA for Robotics
Part 1 of the OPC UA for Robotics specification, subtitled Vertical Integration, published as document OPC-40010-1. Version 1.02 of the specification was published on 2025-09-08 and is the current version. It uses the primary namespace http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Robotics/ at model version 1.02.
OPC UA
OPC-UA
OPC Unified Architecture is a platform-independent standard for exchanging industrial data. Servers expose an address space of typed nodes that clients browse, read, write and subscribe to. Security is built into the protocol through signed and encrypted sessions.
OPC UA Safety
OPC UA Safety
OPC UA Safety is Part 15 of the OPC Unified Architecture specification. It covers safety for OPC UA and uses the namespace http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Safety with model version 1.05.04. The current specification version is 1.05.04, published 2024-10-15.
PI PROFINET over TSN
PROFINET over TSN
PROFINET over TSN is an extension of PROFINET that uses Time-Sensitive Networking as an additional Layer 2 technology on Ethernet networks. It is intended for real-time industrial communication, with TSN providing bandwidth reservation, time synchronization, low latency and redundancy. The PROFINET specification V2.4 integrates TSN, and the industrial TSN profile is being developed under IEC/IEEE 60802.
PROFIBUS DP
PROFIBUS DP
PROFIBUS DP is a fieldbus communication protocol standardized in IEC 61158. It connects controllers or control systems to decentralized field devices such as sensors and actuators over a single bus cable, and the document states it supports factory, process, motion-control and safety-related applications. A PROFIBUS DP cable can connect up to 126 I/O devices, and its copper RS485 interface supports data rates from 9.6 kbit/s to 12 Mbit/s.
PROFIBUS PA
PROFIBUS PA
PROFIBUS PA is the process automation application profile of PROFIBUS, used to connect process field devices on a fieldbus. PA segments connect to PROFIBUS DP through a coupler or linking device, and can also connect directly to PROFINET using proxy technology. PA Profile V3.02 allows a replacement device to take over the predecessor's role without interrupting system operation.
PROFINET
PROFINET
PROFINET is an industrial Ethernet standard for exchanging data between controllers and field devices such as drives, I/O and robots. Cyclic process data travels on a real-time channel, and configuration and diagnostics use standard IP communication. It is maintained by PROFIBUS & PROFINET International (PI).
PROFIdrive
PROFIdrive
PROFIdrive is a manufacturer-independent drive control profile standardized in IEC 61800-7 and GB/T 25740. It defines six Application Classes for connecting drives and controllers over PROFIBUS DP and PROFINET IO, covering speed control, positioning, and motion control. The profile includes an acyclic parameter manager and PI conformance certification.
PROFIenergy
PROFIenergy
PROFIenergy is an energy-management profile for automation devices on PROFINET networks. Control devices such as PLCs send PROFIenergy commands to Energy Consuming Units so the units enter predefined sleep modes during pauses and return to operation afterward. The profile uses the PROFINET Read-/Write-Record mechanism and a small command set for control and status functions.
RFC 1006 ISO Transport Service on top of the TCP
RFC 1006
RFC 1006 defines how ISO transport class 0 (TP0) is carried over TCP, so ISO session, presentation and application layers can run on a TCP/IP internetwork without change. Each transport protocol data unit (TPDU) is framed in a TPKT packet consisting of a 4-octet header (version, reserved, packet length) followed by the TPDU defined in ISO 8073. TCP port 102 is reserved for hosts implementing the standard, and TCP connection open/close events are mapped onto the ISO N-CONNECT, N-DATA and N-DISCONNECT primitives.
SAE J1939
SAE J1939
SAE J1939 is a CAN-based application profile developed by SAE International for diesel powertrain applications. It has since been extended with application profiles for other commercial-vehicle use cases, including electric-truck powertrain applications.
SERCOS III
SERCOS III
SERCOS III is an open, Ethernet-based real-time communication protocol for automation devices. It uses Fast Ethernet at 100 Mbps full duplex and summation-frame transmission, with configurable communication cycles from 31.25 μs to 65 ms and synchronization accuracy below 1 μs. It supports ring, line and star/tree topologies, direct cross communication between slaves, and safety functions up to SIL3 with CIP Safety according to IEC 61508.
SRCI - Standard Robot Command Interface
SRCI
SRCI (Standard Robot Command Interface) is an open standard for programming and operating robots from a PLC. It uses a client-server remote procedure call model: a client on the PLC sends command messages to a server/interpreter on the robot controller, which executes the command and returns a response. Communication is fieldbus-agnostic and can be implemented over PROFINET or other fieldbuses.
Safety over EtherCAT (FSoE)
Safety over EtherCAT (FSoE)
Safety over EtherCAT (FSoE) is a safety protocol that carries safety-critical process data in safety containers over EtherCAT or other underlying communication systems. It uses a Black Channel approach, so the standard communication path is not considered safety-relevant. It is developed according to IEC 61508, standardized in IEC 61784-3, and supports safety applications up to SIL 3.
WirelessHART
WirelessHART
WirelessHART is an industrial wireless communication network and communication profile specified in IEC 62591:2016. The standard defines physical-layer, data-link-layer and application-layer services and protocols, network management, security, communication profile and gateway procedures. It is specified as Communication Profile CP 9/2 (CPF 9) in addition to IEC 61158 Type 20 and IEC 61784-1.
umati OPC UA for Machine Tools
OPC UA for Machine Tools
umati is an open communication interface initiative for machinery that uses OPC UA Companion Specifications to exchange data between machines, components and installations and to integrate them into customer- and user-specific IT ecosystems. OPC UA for Machine Tools Part 1 covers Machine Monitoring and Job Management and is published as version 1.02.0 dated 2024-11-01.
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