{"id":"can-xl","model_id":"CAN XL","name":"CAN XL","summary":"CAN XL is the third generation of the CAN data link layer and supports CAN CC, CAN FD and CAN XL protocol types. It carries data fields from 1 byte to 2048 bytes and separates the CAN-ID into an 11-bit priority ID and a 32-bit acceptance field. CAN XL is intended for backbone and sub-backbone networks and for integration into TCP/IP systems.","study_notes":["CAN XL is standardized in ISO 11898-1:2024; CiA SIG CAN XL develops related specifications in CiA 610, CiA 611, CiA 612 and CiA 613.","The data field length ranges from 1 byte to 2048 bytes and can change in one-byte steps.","The 11-bit priority ID provides the frame priority; the 32-bit acceptance field is included in the 64-bit hardware acceptance filter and may contain node address or content-indicating information.","Two cascaded CRC fields are used: a 13-bit preface CRC (PCRC) in the control field and a 32-bit frame CRC (FCRC) in the CRC field.","The CRCs detect any five randomly distributed bit errors, corresponding to a Hamming distance of 6.","The 8-bit SDT indicates the next OSI layer protocol; the 8-bit VCID allows up to 256 logical networks on one CAN XL physical network segment.","CANsec is an optional DLL security add-on indicated by the SEC bit; it uses a 4-byte header and a 16-byte trailer with an authentication tag.","LLC frame fragmentation is under development in CiA 613-3 for long frames from 128 bytes to 2048 bytes.","Bit rate switches from nominal to XL data phase at the ADH/DH1 boundary and back at the FCP(0)/DAH boundary.","CAN SIC XL transceivers have arbitration, data TX and data RX modes; PWM coding is an optional alternative to NRZ coding."],"safety_notes":["Error signaling can be switched off by optional configuration.","Long CAN XL frames can block the network; LLC frame fragmentation is under development to interrupt and resume long-frame transmission."],"sources":[{"url":"https://www.can-cia.org/can-knowledge/can-xl","title":"CAN XL","accessed":"2026-10-25"}],"verification":{"status":"source_checked","checked_at":"2026-10-25","values":3,"method":"llm_source_check"},"updated_at":"2026-10-25","type":"protocol","spec":{"transports":["other"],"architecture":"producer_consumer","encoding":"binary","default_ports":[],"data_types":[],"standard_body":"ISO","standard_ref":"ISO 11898-1:2024","related":[]},"url":"https://machineschema.com/protocol/can-xl","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"}